米兰印象
Milan was the first place of Italy I visited during the Christmas trip. Before I came here, the impression of the city lies in the abundance of luxury brands shops and fiery Milan Derby in San Siro. Until my arrival, I realized that it was also a gorgeous city combined with classical and artistic elements. It was the old capital of the Western Roman Empire, also collects larges amounts of works of Leonardo da Vinci.
米兰是我在圣诞之旅中访问的意大利的第一个城市。莅临此地之前，这座城市给人的印象是大量的奢侈品牌商店和圣西罗激烈的米兰德比。直到我亲临此处，我才意识到它也是一座集古典和艺术元素于一体的炫丽都市。它曾是西罗马帝国的旧都，也收藏了大量达芬奇的作品。
I arrived at the city at Christmas night. The Piazza del Duomo was aswarm with frantical people celebrating Christmas. This is the main visiting point of Milan. Tonight, the focus of attention was the large Christmas tree with splendid colors. The large square was illuminated by the eye-dazzling lustre like daytime.
我在圣诞夜到达这座城市。米兰大教堂广场上的人们都在疯狂庆祝佳节。这是米兰最主要的游览点。今夜的焦点就是那棵色彩绚丽的大圣诞树。灿烂夺目的华灯将广场照耀的如同白昼一般!
This is the stature of Victor Emmanuel II in the center of the square. He became the first king of a united Italy and was repected as the father of the country.
这是在广场中心维克托·伊曼努埃尔二世的雕像。他是统一的意大利的第一位国王，并被尊为国父。
On the square, even quite far away, I could also see the famous Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II which is the Italy’s oldest shopping mall with a four-story double arcade. The Galleria is named after Victor Emmanuel II. It was designed in 1861 and built by architect Giuseppe Mengoni between 1865 and 1877. The façade of the gallery is the magnificent triumphal arch, decorated with the colonnades.
在广场上，可以遥望著名的维克托·伊曼努埃尔二世长廊，这是意大利最古老的购物中心，有一个四层的双拱廊。这个长廊也以维克多·伊曼努埃尔二世的名字命名。它设计于1861年，由建筑师朱塞佩·门戈尼在1865年至1877年间建造。画廊的正面是宏伟壮观柱廊装饰的凯旋门。
In the glamorous gallery, the tall and fully decorated Christmas tree was silhouetted against the scintillating glass dome that highlights the ardent ambience of festival these days. The gallery had the large spans of the vaults and the ethereal effect of the entire glass canopy. It displayed numerous luxury brands shops of haute couture and jewelry in the arcades, showcase of the luxurious and glorious history of the city. Italians are the born talents of paintings and sculptures. Even on the wall of the shopping mall, I could still discover many reliefs of eagle shape and scuplture of Santa Maria.
在迷人的长廊里，灯烛闪烁的琉璃穹顶下光影交错中精美装饰的高大圣诞树突出了热烈的节日气氛。这个长廊上承巨大弧度的玻璃天顶，蕴涵灵动若空的效果，下接磷次栉比的奢侈品牌的高级时装店和珠宝店，彰显米兰昔日的富贵与荣耀。意大利人绘画和雕塑艺术天赋异禀。即使在商场的外墙，众多鹰形浮雕和圣母像随处可见。
Milan is an ancient city with long history. There are many old gates scattering in the different areas. Porta Venezia is one of the historical gates of the city. Its origins can be traced back to the medieval period but now it just stands tranquilly among the sparkling glims of the modern city, with the testimony of the vicissitude of life.
米兰是一座历史悠久的城市。有许多古老的城门散落在不同的地区。威尼斯门是这座城市的古城门之一。它的起源可以追溯到中世纪时期, 不过现在它却安静地矗立在现代化都市灯火阑珊之中，见证着时代的变迁。
On the way back to hotel, I could see many streets with the luxury brands shops. Although it was the christmas night, those stores were still open. Shadows of pendent lamps flicked on the windows of the shops. The gaudy ornaments and garments displayed inside are telling us that it is indeed the capital of fashion.
回酒店的沿途可以看到很多街道上都有各种奢侈品的商店。虽然是圣诞夜，那些商店仍然营业。吊灯的光影拖曳在橱窗之上。里面华丽的装扮和服饰确实让人感觉时尚之都名不虚传。
After one night’s rest, I came here again to take the picture of this magnificant church, the famous Milan Cathedral. The cathedral took nearly six centuries to complete. It is the largest Gothic church in the world with the construction starting from 1386. It is the symbol of Milan, also the fourth largest church in the world.
休息了一晚后，我再次来到这座宏伟的教堂，著名的米兰大教堂拍照。这座大教堂花了将近六个世纪才建成。它是世界上最大的哥特式教堂，始建于1386年。它是米兰城的象征，也是世界第四大教堂。
The roof of the cathedral is renowned for the forest of openwork pinnacles and spires. In 1805, Napoleon Bonaparte, about to be crowned King of Italy, ordered the finish. Finally, after it was finished, a statue of Napoleon was placed at the top of one of the spires. The decoration is so fantastic that it is hard to describe it with simple words. When I was staring it at the bottom of its wall, I was just amazed at its imposing grandiosity and the tininess of myself.
大教堂的屋顶以大量镂空的尖顶和尖塔群而闻名。1805年，即将加冕为意大利国王的拿破仑·波拿巴下令完成它最后的建造。完工后，拿破仑的雕像被放置在其中一个塔尖的顶部。这些装饰是如此奇妙，很难用简单的语言来形容。当我在墙角凝视着它的时候，我对它的宏大和我自己的渺小感到无比惊叹。
Near the square opposite to the Vittorio Emanuele II gallery, the Royal Palace of Milan could be found. It was the seat of government in the middle ages but now served as a cultural center and it is home to international art exhibitions. Compared with the luxuirious palace in France, it was really too ‘plain’.
在维克托·伊曼努埃尔长廊正对面的广场附近，可以看到米兰皇宫。它在中世纪是政府所在地，但现在只是作为一个文化中心和国际艺术展览馆。与法国奢华的宫殿相比，它实在太“朴素”了。
On the north entrance of the gallary of Vittorio Emanuele II. There is another museum displaying the art works of Filippino Lippi. It is the Palazzo Marino, a 16th-century palace located in Piazza della Scala. It has been Milan’s city hall since 9 September 1861. The palace was built for, and is named after, the Genoan trader and banker Tommaso Marino. The famous opera house Scala is also around the square.
在维托里奥·伊曼努埃尔二世长廊北口有一个博物馆陈列着菲利普·里皮的艺术作品。这是位于斯卡拉广场16世纪的马里诺宫殿。从1861年9月9日起，它就是米兰的市政厅。这座宫殿是为热那亚商人和银行家托马索 -马里诺而建，并以此命名。著名的斯卡拉歌剧院也在广场周围。
There is another building attracting my attention due to its eight obvious outruding figures. Casa degli Omenoni is the name of the historic palace which was designed by sculptor Leone Leoni. He lived and worked there. It owes its name to the eight atlantes decorating its facade, termed “omenoni” (“big men” in Milanese). Actually I have no ideas of the meaning of these atlantes with different postures.
在附近，有另一座建筑吸引了我的注意，因为它的墙上有八个明显突出的人物。这座历史悠久的宫殿是由雕塑家莱昂莱昂尼设计的。他那时在这里生活和工作。它的名字来源于装饰其正面的八个男像柱，被称为“奥门尼”（米兰语中的“大人物”）。实际上我也不知道这些姿势迥异的男像柱的意义。
There are not only luxury shops but many old churches in Milan as well. The Basilica of San Lorenzo Maggiore church was originally built in Roman times and subsequently rebuilt several times over a number of centuries. It is one of the oldest churches in Milan. The statue in front of the church seems to be the emperor Auguste.
米兰不仅有奢侈品店，还有许多古老的教堂。圣洛伦佐马焦尔教堂最初建于罗马时代，后来又在几个世纪里重建了几次。它是米兰最古老的教堂之一。教堂前的雕像似乎是奥古斯都大帝。
This is the side view of the church from the Basilicas park. It has the old towers and brick walls eroded by times.
这是在大教堂公园一侧的教堂的背面，古老的塔和被时间侵蚀的和砖墙。
The Colonne di San Lorenzo is a group of ancient Roman ruins, located in front of the Basilica of San Lorenzo. In the 4th century, the columns were moved here, after removal from a likely 2nd century pagan temple or public bath house structure. These columns are similar with the ones in the temple of Rome.
圣洛伦佐柱是一组古罗马遗址，位于圣洛伦佐大教堂正前。在4世纪的时候，这些柱子被移到了这里，很可能是从2世纪的异教徒庙宇或公共澡堂里移走的。这些柱子和罗马神殿里的柱子很相似。
Another church with very long history is the Basilica di Sant’Ambrogio, built by St. Ambrose from 379 to 386. Numerous martyrs of the Roman persecutions had been buried here. The first name of the church was in fact Basilica Martyrum. I have no knowledge about architecture but I found this building is different with other church. It has two bell towers and its entrance is an arched arcade. The main color style of the building is red instead of white.
另一座历史悠久的教堂是圣安布罗吉奥大教堂，由圣安布罗于379年至386年修建。许多被罗马迫害的殉道者被埋葬在这里。教堂最早的名字其实是殉道大教堂。我对建筑学了解不多，但我发现这座建筑与其他教堂的不同。它有两个钟楼，入口是一个拱形拱廊。建筑物的主色调是红色而不是白色。
Next one is the super famous Santa Maria delle Grazie which is a church and Dominican convent. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site due to the mural of The Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci, which is in the refectory of the convent. This church is free to visit but the visit of the Last Supper is charged and needs to be appointed in advance. Because of this reason I could not see the painting in person. What a pity!
接下来是超级著名的圣玛利亚教堂，也是多米尼加修道院。因为在修道院的餐厅里的李奥纳多·达芬奇的《最后的晚餐》壁画，它被列入联合国教科文组织的世界文化遗产。这座教堂可以免费参观，但参观最后的晚餐是收费的，而且需要提前预约。因为这个原因，我不能亲眼看到这幅名作。真可惜！
The mural painting is the one of the most well-known paintings in the world. It was finished by Leonardo Da Vinci in 1490 with dimensions of 700 cm × 880 cm. It was the scene of the Last Supper of Jesus with his apostles. The painting depicted vividly the consternation that occurred among the twelve apostles when Jesus announced that one of them would betray him.
最后的晚餐这幅壁画是世界上最著名的绘画之一。它于1490年由达芬奇完成，尺寸为700厘米×880厘米。它是耶稣和他的信徒最后晚餐的场景。这幅画生动地描绘了当耶稣宣布十二使徒中中有一个要出卖他时，他们之间惊愕的神情。
Parrocchia di Santa Maria Segreta is a small catholic church. There is nothing special about it. I just took the picture because of several beautiful sculptures in the niche on the facade. All these churches actually are not far from each others. 1 hour walk is enough to visit all of them.
帕拉基亚圣玛利亚教堂是一个小型的天主教教堂。并没什么特别之处。我只是因为它的正面壁龛里有几个漂亮的雕塑拍了这张照片。所有的这些教堂实际上都相距不远。步行一个小时就够参观所有了。
Arco della Pace is the triumphal arch at the entrance of Sforza Castle. It is at the gate of Sempione which origins could be traced back to a gate of the Roman walls. It’s a neoclassical triumphal arch, 25 m high and 24 m wide. There are some bronze sculptures of roman cavalries on the top of the arch.
佩斯拱门是斯福尔扎城堡入口处的凯旋门。它的起源可以追溯到罗马城墙的大门。这是一座新古典主义凯旋门，高25米，宽24米。拱门顶部有一些罗马骑兵的青铜雕塑。
Another symbol of Milan is the Sforza Castle that was built in the 15th century by Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan. Later renovated and enlarged, in the 16th and 17th centuries it was one of the largest citadels in Europe. Rebuilt by Luca Beltrami from 1891 to 1905, it became city’s museums with many art collections.
米兰城的另一个象征就是斯福尔扎城堡，它是由米兰公爵弗朗西斯科·斯福尔扎在15世纪建造的。后来在16世纪和17世纪经过翻新和扩建，它成为欧洲最大的城堡之一。在1891年至1905年期间由卢卡·贝尔特拉米重建，成为城市博物馆，收藏了许多艺术品。
In 1450, Francesco Sforza began reconstruction of the castle to turn it into his princely residence. In 1452 he hired architect Filarete to design and decorate the central tower, which was known as Torre del Filarete. After Francesco’s death, the construction was continued by his son Galeazzo Maria, under architect Benedetto Ferrini.
This castle has been used as the military fortress so now some of its defense systems are still kept.
1450年，弗朗西斯科·斯福尔扎开始重建城堡，把它变成他的王宫住所。1452年，他聘请建筑师菲拉雷特设计和装饰这座中心塔，这就是菲拉雷特塔。弗朗西斯科死后，他的儿子加利亚佐·玛丽亚以及建筑师贝内代托·费里尼继续修建这座塔。
这座城堡曾被用作军事要塞，所以现在它的一些防御系统仍然保留着。
This sculpture at the gate of the castle memorizes the great general Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi. He contributed greatly to the Italian unification and the creation of the Kingdom of Italy. He is considered one of the greatest generals of modern times and one of Italy’s “fathers of the fatherland” along with Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, Victor Emmanuel II and Giuseppe Mazzini.
城堡门口的这座雕塑是为了纪念伟大的朱塞佩·玛丽亚·加里波第将军。他为意大利的统一和意大利王国的建立作出了杰出贡献。他也被认为是现代最伟大的将领之一，与卡米洛·本索、卡武伯爵、维克托·伊曼努埃尔二世和朱塞佩·马志尼一起被认为是意大利的“祖国之父”之一。
This is the street view that was randomly taken before I left. There are many old styles of trams in Milan so the electric cables are everywhere in the street.
这是我离开米兰前随便拍摄的街景。米兰有许多老式的电车，所以街道上到处都是电车的电缆。
I only stayed in Milan for 1 day so there are many places that I didn’t have chance to visit. There are so many museums in Italy that it is difficult to visit them one by one. This last photo is the Milan central station that looks quite beautiful, like a museum. I would take high speed trains from here to Firenze. Hopefully I could have chance to come here again and see The Last Supper next time.
我只在米兰短暂停留一天，所以有很多地方我并没有机会去参观了。意大利有这么多博物馆，很难一一点到。这最后一张照片是米兰中央火车站，看起来也很漂亮, 就像博物馆一样。我会从这里坐高铁到佛罗伦萨。希望下次能有机会再来这里欣赏最后的晚餐。
Gone like the wind 